The recent popularity of the term "behavioral science?" is the result of changes occurring in social science. How the term has been used and what it stands for are important clues to understanding certain modern developments in social science. The history of science must be concerned to a large extent with the invention, development and interrelationships of terms, concepts and things. This is especially true for the early history of behavioral science when words are important data. Meanings therefore must be carefully understood, differing as they do according to time, place and user. Relatively new though it is, the term ?behavioral science? is burdened with a variety of meanings that have already led to needless debate and misunderstanding. This paper describes several definitions of ?behavioral science??, traces some origins and speculates on reasons for its use. After discussion of some issues that have arisen, the article concludes with some recommendations for future use of the term.View
This paper discusses the influence of the German writings of Joseph Schumpeter on the economic literature in English. The Introduction explains the rationale for the organization and structure of the paper. The next section discusses the theory and measurement of influence and its meanings. Attention is paid to the importance of the language in which a contribution to the economic literature is made and that influence is time bound. A description of Schumpeter’s life describes some of the possible paths of the influence of his writings in German into the mainstream economic literature in English. A short discussion of Schumpeter’s influence after he died follows. The conclusion is that Schumpeter’s writings in German had a substantial influence on the subsequent development of many parts of economics.View
Increasing complexity in the marketplace, and changing interests in consumption have led to an expansion of consumer education. One result of this expansion has been a shift away from the traditional place where the subject has been taught,home economics, into business, distributive education, and social studies. Joseph N. Uhlls Survey and Evaluation of Consumer EducationPrograms in he United States (ED 038 549), published by the Officeof Education in 1970, is the source of this information and the basisfor this brief guide. The first part raises 15 questions on consumereducation as a part of the social studies that should be considered.Suggested partial answers and approaches for each fall into twocategories: 1) Principles: teacher reactiona considerations inontenta objectives, student needs, pretesting; and, 2) SelectingMaterials: relation to teaching methods and plans; businessorientation; sexual discrimination; role-typing; racist attitudes;innovative viewpoints; views on the creation and satisfaction ofconsumer needs and wants; treatment of income problems; socioeconomicgroup orientation; treatment of public and private consumption; and,the expressed or implied image of man. The second and last part ofthe paper describes some of the major sources of information oncurriculum planning and consumer guidance: institutions, guidesa abibliography, and periodicals.View
Today is the last possible day upon which we can properly celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences for the last volume of this work was published in 1934. It is appropriate that the American Association for the Advancement of Science should be the only learned society to take notice of this event. My talk today has three purposes. The first is to commemorate the silver anniversary of the Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. My second purpose is to draw attention to the most serious evaluation yet made of the Encyclopedia, and the last, to discuss some of the problems of organizing and increasing social science knowledge.View
It is a great pleasure to discuss simulation and gaming in social studies with you. Most of you know, of course, that teaching with games is old as education. John Brinsley in 1622 said that with the "right order of proceeding" children will learn "as it were in playing." Since children like to play games, a chief advantage of simulation and gaming is the high interest and motivation involved. But some new things are also happening--and now is a good time to take a look at the modern developments of simulation and gaming applied to social studies.View
Social studies teaches a lot about work. Every social studies teacher, aware of it or not, is conveying a large number of lessons about work to the students. The real issue is not whether we will teach students about work or careers. It is what and how we should teach--and how well we do it.View
The paper is divided into nine parts. In the introduction, the rental revolution is put into an historical perspective - social and economic factors are more its cause than the technological factors which brought about changes in the past.View
The standard reference work on English etymology is the Oxford English Dictionary. In it the following reference is given for "social science": "1846 Lewes Biogr. Hist. Philos., IV. 249. The conception of a social science is due to V. Comte." The principal purpose of this paper is to show that this reference to the fest use of the term "social science " is in fact not accurate, and that John Stuart Mill used the term at least ten years earlier in an article in The London and Westminister Review in October, 1836. The term was used twice in the following way except that "social science " has been italicized.View
Since the early 1970s, educators throughout the United States have increasingly felt the need to expose their students to the world of work and to provide them with meaningful information, insights, and direction concerning their future roles as adult workers in our society. Courses in career education as distinct disciplines within the total school curriculum have proliferated everywhere. Many of these courses have proven successful, and some school systems have institutionalized them within the curriculum. However, many teachers and school administrators, for a variety of reasons, remain unconvinced about the value of education courses and other courses related to the world of work.View
The reconstruction of planning theory can only be done within the frame- work of modern science. In recent years planners interested in theory have been paying more attention to science. As John Dyckman pointed out in 1.963, "There are strong, trends within city planning in the direction of making it more scientific. In the words of Anthony Garvan, "With the possible exception of psychology, no field in the social sciences so closely approximates a genuine science as that of city planning." A growing hope for the potential uses of science is a healthy aspect of the revived interest in planning and science. " The urban government administrator may soon receive much greater help from science . . .," wrote Werner Hirsch.View
